1 10 43 https://learning.hku.hk/ccch9051/group-64/files/original/768b39e808c16c6f2bfd53cb4fff4049.jpg 933fcb6fa0cf76b374a9c36a1c3d2de9 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Ceramic Description An account of the resource Ceramic (from clay) produces a lot of containers and tools for many ancient Chinese people. Crafts An inanimate, three-dimensional object or substance that is handmade or crafted by simple tools. Crafting Method It used a higher concentration of black iron oxide below the clear glaze. Usage The earliest black porcelain appeared in the Shang and Zhou era (1600–221 BC). However, not until the Song Dynasty (970–1279) did it became pervasive. Then in the Ming Dynasty, it declined in popularity, and was considered as a second-rate household product. Crafting Methods The ways used to construct and produce crafts. It used a higher concentration of black iron oxide below the clear glaze. Usage and Application The real-life implications or uses of the selected crafts. The earliest black porcelain appeared in the Shang and Zhou era (1600–221 BC). However, not until the Song Dynasty (970–1279 AD) did it became pervasive. Then in the Ming Dynasty, it declined in popularity, and was considered as a second-rate household product. Materials Objects used to create, produce or develop the item Ceramic Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Black Porcelain 黑瓷 Description An account of the resource Black porcelain is a type of pottery with a pure black base which was achieved by using a black iron glaze. It started during the Shang Dynasty (1600-1046 BC) and was for ordinary use. Subject The topic of the resource Black Colour, Pottery, Porcelain Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Shang Dynasty (1600-1046 BC) Relation A related resource Enamel Painted Porcelain, Celadon, Blue and White Porcelain, White Porcelain Type The nature or genre of the resource craft Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Hard, Smooth, Black Shang Dynasty https://learning.hku.hk/ccch9051/group-64/files/original/266b166e7e45c47c7a4e6b53fab80163.jpg ecf725a5853c6aae9b755a770cd6fc7d Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Ceramic Description An account of the resource Ceramic (from clay) produces a lot of containers and tools for many ancient Chinese people. Crafts An inanimate, three-dimensional object or substance that is handmade or crafted by simple tools. Crafting Methods The ways used to construct and produce crafts. Blue and white porcelain is contrived using the color blue, usually from cobalt oxide, to create designs on shaped clean, white clay that is then covered in a layer of transparent glaze and baked in a kiln at high temperatures. Usage and Application The real-life implications or uses of the selected crafts. The subjects of the figurines span a wide range of bold and brief shapes of wild exaggeration and bright colours with a strong local flavour. They are well received by the local people, who put them as toys and symbols of good fortune and happiness. Every time when the lunar New Year draws near, the local handicraftsmen, with the beautifully painted clay-figurines on shoulders or in hand, would converge on the market and set up stalls in meandering lines. This makes the country fair during the festival more flourishing and exciting. Infused with simple and sincere feelings of the laboring people, the painted clay-figurines reflected the superb creative ability in art of the peasants and are typical articles of folk art. They not only attract the attention of artists, but also appeal very much to people of various fields both at home and abroad. Materials Objects used to create, produce or develop the item Ceramic Interesting Facts Origins, stories or incidents happened that are related to the item, to provide extra information and details. There is an interesting story that took place in 1603, when a Portuguese cargo ship, the Santa Catarina, bearing thousands of pieces of Ming porcelain, was anchored outside of Singapore. A Dutch ship attacked, causing the crew to flee, and the porcelain was appropriated and taken to Europe where it sold so well at auction as to cause considerable "porcelain mania". The porcelain fetched such high prices that it became known as "white gold" by some. Extensive legal proceedings followed to determine whether taking the cargo was an act of illegal piracy, or whether Portugal and Holland were in fact at war at the time. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Blue and White Porcelain 青花瓷 Description An account of the resource Blue and white porcelain is pottery with a white base and treated with a vibrant blue glaze. It began in the Tang Dynasty (618AD-907 AD) when cobalt started to be imported from Persia. Blue and white porcelain was often portrayed works of the blue wolf and the fallow doe, mythical ancestors of Mongolia, during the Yuan dynasty (1271–1368 AD). Subject The topic of the resource Pottery, Porcelain, Folk art Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived White Porcelain Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Tang Dynasty (618-907 AD) Relation A related resource White Porcelain, Celadon, Enamel Painted Porcelain, Black Porcelain Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Hard, Smooth, Blue, White Type The nature or genre of the resource Craft Tang Dynasty https://learning.hku.hk/ccch9051/group-64/files/original/d2f71093390c7b59126c99fd9371a4aa.jpg 119532ae63d051d4afe5fce908a4562b Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Wood / Bamboo Description An account of the resource Given that the lower technological requirements and its usefulness, wood and bamboo are the primary raw materials among ancient Chinese people. Crafts An inanimate, three-dimensional object or substance that is handmade or crafted by simple tools. Crafting Methods The ways used to construct and produce crafts. It is crafted with a handle and a wooden ball hanging from a string attached to each end of the edge to beat the drum. Usage and Application The real-life implications or uses of the selected crafts. During Song Dynasty, the Bolang Gu drum found its way in ceremonies, music and commercial activities. It also became a toy for children, enjoying an immense popularity, mainly thanks to its sound effect and its entertaining function. Although pellet drums are often used in religious ritual (particularly Tibet, Mongolia, India, and Taiwan), small versions are also used in East Asia as children’s toys or as noisemakers by street vendors. Such small versions are sometimes also referred to as rattle drums. Materials Objects used to create, produce or develop the item Wood, Leather, Paper Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource ​Bolang Gu 撥浪鼓 Subject The topic of the resource Toy, Kids, Play Description An account of the resource The rattle-drum is one of the oldest and most traditional toys in China. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Shang Dynasty (1600-1046 BC) Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Palm size Type The nature or genre of the resource Craft Shang Dynasty https://learning.hku.hk/ccch9051/group-64/files/original/cef6d79b3cb69afd72c930a259154e61.jpg fdb2d8d020d3b732ac5f40f527a04d39 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Metal Description An account of the resource Similar to minerals, metals are considered as abundant raw materials for crafting products. Crafts An inanimate, three-dimensional object or substance that is handmade or crafted by simple tools. Crafting Methods The ways used to construct and produce crafts. Copper and tin would be melted to form bronze. Materials Objects used to create, produce or develop the item Bronze, Metal Usage and Application The real-life implications or uses of the selected crafts. Vessels were used to make sacrificial offerings of food to previous ancestors. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Bronze Vessels 青銅器皿 Description An account of the resource Bronze Age began around 2000 B.C, Shang and Zhou dynasties. Bronze, an alloy of copper and tin, were used to fashion weapons, parts of chariots and ritual vessels. Chinese bronzes are central to Chinese civilization. The ability to manipulate metal ores to produce useful tools is one of the major steps in the development of human civilization. it was made for the elite and were associated with power. The vessels were made to serve grain and wine, which played an important role in the ritual banquets that took place in family temples or over ceremonial tombs. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Shang Dynasty (1600–1046 BC) Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Hard, Metallic Type The nature or genre of the resource Craft Subject The topic of the resource Daily necessity, Level of technology Shang Dynasty https://learning.hku.hk/ccch9051/group-64/files/original/b33a407154b2f1c84a15ea872775dc7f.jpg b1dfcb8bfaf9f50e00545272bf03ca13 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Ceramic Description An account of the resource Ceramic (from clay) produces a lot of containers and tools for many ancient Chinese people. Crafts An inanimate, three-dimensional object or substance that is handmade or crafted by simple tools. Crafting Method Celadon is created using stoneware (or porcelain) and fired in a reduction kiln, one of the reasons being is this has the highest reaction with iron oxide, which is used in the glaze. The ingredients are carefully mixed (as not enough or too much of something can dramatically alter the final outcome). Some wares were coated with a thin layer of slip containing iron before they were glazed. The method of creating Longquan pottery is incredibly precise (as with all celadon wares) and actually goes through a cycle of six stages of heating and cooling. The temperatures reach a maximum of 1310 degrees Celsius and through the entire process, the firing of the stoneware glazes are carefully controlled. UNESCO states that in Longquan pottery there are two types of celadon: ‘elder brother’ which has a ‘black finish and a crackle effect’ and the ‘younger brother’ has a ‘thick lavender-grey and plum-green finish’. The rich coloring of traditional celadon comes from the fact it’s fired at very high temperatures, ranging from 2,300 degrees Fahrenheit up to 2,381 degrees Fahrenheit. Goryeo ceramics coloring comes mainly from the type of clay that’s used, as typically there’s a lot of iron in the clay, plus ‘iron oxide and manganese oxide and quartz particles in the glaze’. Usage It possesses a similar color to jade, and gained high prices both at home and aboard. Before blue and white porcelain took center stage, celadon was highly recognized by the Chinese imperial court. Crafting Methods The ways used to construct and produce crafts. Celadon is created using stoneware (or porcelain) and fired in a reduction kiln, one of the reasons being is this has the highest reaction with iron oxide, which is used in the glaze. The ingredients are carefully mixed (as not enough or too much of something can dramatically alter the final outcome). Some wares were coated with a thin layer of slip containing iron before they were glazed. The method of creating Longquan pottery is incredibly precise (as with all celadon wares) and actually goes through a cycle of six stages of heating and cooling. The temperatures reach a maximum of 1310 degrees Celsius and through the entire process, the firing of the stoneware glazes are carefully controlled. UNESCO states that in Longquan pottery there are two types of celadon: ‘elder brother’ which has a ‘black finish and a crackle effect’ and the ‘younger brother’ has a ‘thick lavender-grey and plum-green finish’. The rich coloring of traditional celadon comes from the fact it’s fired at very high temperatures, ranging from 2,300 degrees Fahrenheit up to 2,381 degrees Fahrenheit. Goryeo ceramics coloring comes mainly from the type of clay that’s used, as typically there’s a lot of iron in the clay, plus ‘iron oxide and manganese oxide and quartz particles in the glaze’. Usage and Application The real-life implications or uses of the selected crafts. It possesses a similar color to jade, and gained high prices both at home and aboard. Before blue and white porcelain took center stage, celadon was highly recognized by the Chinese imperial court. Materials Objects used to create, produce or develop the item Ceramic Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Celadon 青瓷 Description An account of the resource Celadon was a type of pottery finished off with a pale grayish-green glaze. To give off this effect, the ceramic would be applied with liquified clay rich in iron before being heated up. The iron in the clay would oxidize to unravel its distinct colour. Celadon dates back to the Shang Dynasty (1600-1046 BC) and the Zhou Dynasty (1046-256 BC). Subject The topic of the resource Green, Porcelain, Pottery Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Shang Dynasty (1600-1046 BC) & Zhou Dynasty (1046-256 BC) Relation A related resource White Porcelain, Blue and White Porcelain, Black Porcelain, Enamel Painted Porcelain Type The nature or genre of the resource Craft Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Smooth texture Shang Dynasty https://learning.hku.hk/ccch9051/group-64/files/original/6d34af298ccb9c2a63d65635f8bd0720.jpg 558d1b3cc788f278c1bef01f99277635 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Mineral Description An account of the resource Unearthed from the ground, minerals are some raw materials that are widely used. Crafts An inanimate, three-dimensional object or substance that is handmade or crafted by simple tools. Crafting Methods The ways used to construct and produce crafts. Engravings on the seal face can follow several calligraphy styles, which master engravers work hard to develop. Common carvings include Chinese characters, landscapes, figures, birds, or flowers. Seals can be carved one of two ways: the material is carved away from the character, leaving a red ink outline when used on paper, or the character is carved into the material, leaving the character in white amidst a red background. Seals can have a variety of shapes and sizes. There are four parts to a seal: grip or handle, body or platform, sides, and face. Carvings may be done on the grip portion of the seal or on the entire seal. Materials Objects used to create, produce or develop the item Mineral, Stone Usage and Application The real-life implications or uses of the selected crafts. Seals were used to mark documents. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource China Seals 印章 Description An account of the resource A Chinese seal (印章 yìnzhāng) is a seal or stamp used to mark important documents, pieces of art, contracts, or any other item that requires a signature. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Qin Dynasty (221 BC - 207 BC) Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Prism Base Type The nature or genre of the resource Craft Subject The topic of the resource Nation, Character, Style Qin Dynasty https://learning.hku.hk/ccch9051/group-64/files/original/0539e6f08f0ce4814ce6a0de767bb0c0.jpg a79a02c80a3db74706c708923f5a8733 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Other Materials Description An account of the resource Other undefined items are categorised here, such as items made of animal skins, body parts, or something intangible. Crafts An inanimate, three-dimensional object or substance that is handmade or crafted by simple tools. Crafting Methods The ways used to construct and produce crafts. All educated men and some court women were expected to be proficient at it, an expectation which remained well into modern times. Far more than mere writing, good calligraphy exhibited an exquisite brush control and attention to composition, but the actual manner of writing was also important with rapid, spontaneous strokes being the ideal. Materials Objects used to create, produce or develop the item Ink Usage and Application The real-life implications or uses of the selected crafts. Calligraphy initially began due to the need to record ideas and information. The unique forms of calligraphy developed and originated from China, particularly for writing Chinese characters by using ink and a brush. Furthermore, Chinese calligraphy is responsible for the development of numerous forms of art such as ornate paperweights, ink stones, and seal carving. Interesting Facts Origins, stories or incidents happened that are related to the item, to provide extra information and details. Just like in any other art, the most gifted practitioners of calligraphy became famous for their work and their scripts were copied and used in such innovations as printed books. The most revered of all Chinese calligraphers, as mentioned already, was Wang Xizhi (c. 303 - c. 365 CE), although he was a student of Lady Wei (272-349 CE). No examples of either figure’s writing survive, except possibly in extant copies of Xizhi’s. Wang Xizhi’s son, Wang Xianzhi (344-388 CE), was another famous practitioner, the pair often referred to as ‘the two Wangs’. Zhao Mengfu (1254-1322 CE) was another celebrated calligrapher who produced such precise characters placed neatly into square boxes on his paper that printers used his script for their own type blocks. Related Videos Multimedia files that visually shows the moving images https://youtu.be/yTLQuoFy6Y0 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Chinese Calligraphy 書法 Subject The topic of the resource Hand writing, Folk culture, Art Description An account of the resource Chinese Calligraphy is a traditional form of writing characters from the Chinese language through the use of ink and a brush. It is a tradition that is rooted in China through centuries of practice. It is an art of turning Chinese characters into images through pressure and speed variations of the pointed Chinese brush. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Cheng Miao Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Han Dynasty (206 BC - 220 AD). Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Flat Type The nature or genre of the resource Craft Han Dynasty https://learning.hku.hk/ccch9051/group-64/files/original/86a8790224561d906dcd0ab5f4207134.jpg 66c3e4217e395f302d53d1b3ed9b42c1 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Mineral Description An account of the resource Unearthed from the ground, minerals are some raw materials that are widely used. Crafts An inanimate, three-dimensional object or substance that is handmade or crafted by simple tools. Crafting Methods The ways used to construct and produce crafts. Stones were carved to make Chinese chess pieces. Materials Objects used to create, produce or develop the item Stones Usage and Application The real-life implications or uses of the selected crafts. Chinese chess was a strategy game previously used for military training. This first chess was called The game to capture Xiang Qi, Xiang Qi being the name of the commander of the opposing army. (This battle is well established in Chinese history.) Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Chinese Chess 象棋棋子 Description An account of the resource The original chess was invented in China, right around 200 B.C., by a military commander named Hán Xin ("Hahn Sheen"). Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource ~200 BC Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Small, Circular Disks Type The nature or genre of the resource Craft Subject The topic of the resource Pawns, Chess, Game Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Hán Xin ("Hahn Sheen") https://learning.hku.hk/ccch9051/group-64/files/original/65fcd4bdc179c7de4245b5dca65f2246.jpg 462cb7443c2abfb33587d51288c708e1 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Metal Description An account of the resource Similar to minerals, metals are considered as abundant raw materials for crafting products. Crafts An inanimate, three-dimensional object or substance that is handmade or crafted by simple tools. Crafting Methods The ways used to construct and produce crafts. The most popular style of the first Chinese compass used a lodestone (which automatically points to the south) and a bronze plate. The lodestone was carved into the shape of a spoon. The spoon was placed on a flat plate of bronze. As the bronze plate was moved, the lodestone spun around and came to a stop in a north-to-south orientation with the handle pointing to the south. The “magnetized” lodestone aligned itself with the Earth’s magnetic field. This style of compass was called a “south-pointer”. The bronze plate was also marked with constellations, cardinal points, and other symbols important to the Ancient Chinese. Another style of compass was made by placing an iron needle that had been rubbed with a lodestone on a piece of wood and floating the wood in a bowl of water. The water allowed the wood to move or spin around until the iron oxide needle was pointing south. Materials Objects used to create, produce or develop the item Bronze, Metal, Magnet, Iron Usage and Application The real-life implications or uses of the selected crafts. The original use of Ancient Chinese compasses was for maintaining harmony and prosperity with one’s environment and for telling the future. Additionally, the Ancient Chinese used the compass for navigation – to find their way home when traveling. The use of the compass for travel also gave the advantage of being able to travel no matter the weather condition. If clouds or fog masked the sun or the stars, you could still travel because the compass would point you in the right direction. Interesting Facts Origins, stories or incidents happened that are related to the item, to provide extra information and details. One of the first recordings of using a compass for navigation was during the Northern Song dynasty (960 CE – 1126 CE). These compasses were made by floating a magnetized needle in water. The needle could move freely in the water and point to the earth’s magnetic poles no matter the movement from the ship or boat. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Chinese Compass 指南針 Subject The topic of the resource Sailing, Direction, Navigation Description An account of the resource The compass was invented more than 2000 years ago. The Ancient Chinese compass was made from iron oxide, a mineral ore. Iron oxide is also known as lodestone and magneta. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Han Dynasty (206 BC–220 AD) Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Metallic Type The nature or genre of the resource Craft Han Dynasty https://learning.hku.hk/ccch9051/group-64/files/original/e0770fdea42e60c49939c1d39919454c.jpeg bfe4e6896556832a067e8a70da45bc31 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Fabric Description An account of the resource Fabric, whether it is made by wool, or silk, involves in Chinese people's everyday life. Crafts An inanimate, three-dimensional object or substance that is handmade or crafted by simple tools. Crafting Methods The ways used to construct and produce crafts. Embroidery was created through sewing fabric of different colours. Materials Objects used to create, produce or develop the item Silk, Fabric Usage and Application The real-life implications or uses of the selected crafts. Embroidery was used as decoration of fabrics. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Chinese Embroidery 刺繡 Description An account of the resource Embroidery in this period symbolized social status. The patterns covered a larger range, from sun, moon, stars, mountains, dragons, and phoenix to tiger, flower and grass, clouds and geometric patterns. It is originated in the Zhou Dynasty (1027 – 221 BC). Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Zhou Dynasty (1027 – 221 BC) Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Flat Type The nature or genre of the resource Craft Zhou Dynasty