2 10 43 https://learning.hku.hk/ccch9051/group-64/files/original/e0770fdea42e60c49939c1d39919454c.jpeg bfe4e6896556832a067e8a70da45bc31 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Fabric Description An account of the resource Fabric, whether it is made by wool, or silk, involves in Chinese people's everyday life. Crafts An inanimate, three-dimensional object or substance that is handmade or crafted by simple tools. Crafting Methods The ways used to construct and produce crafts. Embroidery was created through sewing fabric of different colours. Materials Objects used to create, produce or develop the item Silk, Fabric Usage and Application The real-life implications or uses of the selected crafts. Embroidery was used as decoration of fabrics. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Chinese Embroidery 刺繡 Description An account of the resource Embroidery in this period symbolized social status. The patterns covered a larger range, from sun, moon, stars, mountains, dragons, and phoenix to tiger, flower and grass, clouds and geometric patterns. It is originated in the Zhou Dynasty (1027 – 221 BC). Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Zhou Dynasty (1027 – 221 BC) Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Flat Type The nature or genre of the resource Craft Zhou Dynasty https://learning.hku.hk/ccch9051/group-64/files/original/3d274c2d42cd9d6fa54ee2c4126e7908.jpg b3746094b6007b2f416673f4d4588cc0 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Fabric Description An account of the resource Fabric, whether it is made by wool, or silk, involves in Chinese people's everyday life. Crafts An inanimate, three-dimensional object or substance that is handmade or crafted by simple tools. Crafting Methods The ways used to construct and produce crafts. Silkworm cocoons are harvested and spun into a thread. The thread is woven into a fabric. Materials Objects used to create, produce or develop the item Silk, Fabric, Silkworms Usage and Application The real-life implications or uses of the selected crafts. It is used as a material. Interesting Facts Origins, stories or incidents happened that are related to the item, to provide extra information and details. According to Confucius himself, about the year 2,700 BC... The wife of the Yellow Emperor Huangdi was having tea under a mulberry tree when a silkworm cocoon fell into her cup. As she watched, a strand of fiber unspun from the cocoon, and she realized that the strong filament could be used to make cloth. Thus, an industry was born. She taught her people how to raise silkworms and later invented the loom. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Chinese Silk 絲綢 Description An account of the resource A silkworm produces 1000 meters (3280 feet) of silk thread in its lifespan of just 28 days and is of great value. Major local silk products in China are Shu, Yun, Song Brocade and brocades by ethnic minorities such as the Zhuang and the Dong peoples are well renowned. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Prior Xia Dynasty (3630 BC) Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Flat, Sheet Type The nature or genre of the resource Craft Subject The topic of the resource Clothes, Silkworms Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource The wife of the Yellow Emperor Huangdi Prior Xia Dynasty https://learning.hku.hk/ccch9051/group-64/files/original/cf6e5b00d5ba7557dc478bafc4057be7.jpg 31efd7ac0dae9527b8657d86de9ef6fb Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Ceramic Description An account of the resource Ceramic (from clay) produces a lot of containers and tools for many ancient Chinese people. Crafts An inanimate, three-dimensional object or substance that is handmade or crafted by simple tools. Crafting Methods The ways used to construct and produce crafts. Different parts of a Terracotta warrior were created separately then assembled afterwards. Each of the 8,000 terracotta warriors is unique, with a different face and facial expression, and they vary in uniform and hairstyle in accordance with rank. Archeologists believe that they were manufactured in workshops by government labourers and local craftsmen. After completion, the figures were positioned in the tomb along with real weapons and body armour (subsequently stolen) in precise military formation. At the very beginning, when the Army was made, the whole army, including warriors, chariots and horses, was painted and looked more colorful than it does today. Materials Objects used to create, produce or develop the item Ceramic Usage and Application The real-life implications or uses of the selected crafts. The Terracotta Army was meant to protect Qin Shi Huang in the afterlife. Interesting Facts Origins, stories or incidents happened that are related to the item, to provide extra information and details. In 1974 when the vaults were opened and exposed to the atmosphere. The original colour coatings were severely damaged, then aged and peeled off, thanks to quick oxidation when the sculptures are unearthed. Xia Yin, director of the relics-protection department at Emperor Qin Shi Huang’s Mausoleum Site Museum explains what happened: “Practically every warrior and horse was painted, but having been buried for more than 2,200 years the pigments were so old they began to change just 15 seconds after they were unearthed. Within four minutes the painting layers bound together by pigments became dehydrated, tilted and broke from the surface.” Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Terracotta Army 兵馬俑 Description An account of the resource The Terracotta Army (also known as the "Terracotta Warriors") is a massive collection of terracotta sculpture consisting of 8,000 clay warriors and horses which were discovered in 1974 next to the mausoleum of the First Qin Emperor, Qin Shi Huangdi, who died in 210 BC, in Shaanxi province, China. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Qin Shi Huangdi Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Qin Dynasty (221-206 BC) Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Height: 184-197cm (6ft-6ft 5in) Type The nature or genre of the resource Craft Subject The topic of the resource Ceramic, Funeral, War Qin Dynasty https://learning.hku.hk/ccch9051/group-64/files/original/1169c6c4ed1e15155d6b2ffc0a476e8e.jpeg b6b12132af321037cece683319d1a553 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Mineral Description An account of the resource Unearthed from the ground, minerals are some raw materials that are widely used. Crafts An inanimate, three-dimensional object or substance that is handmade or crafted by simple tools. Crafting Methods The ways used to construct and produce crafts. Imperial guardian lions were sculpted from large pieces of granite and marble, or cast from bronze or iron. Materials Objects used to create, produce or develop the item Marble / Granite / Stone / Bronze / Iron Usage and Application The real-life implications or uses of the selected crafts. Supposed to have mystic protective powers, it can be found in front of such places as temples, imperial palaces, government offices or in front of homes of high ranking members of society indicating their financial and/ or social status. Also, it is used as a guardian to protect those with power in society. Interesting Facts Origins, stories or incidents happened that are related to the item, to provide extra information and details. The lions are always presented in pairs, a manifestation of yin and yang, the female representing yin and the male yang. The male lion has its right front paw on a type of cloth ball simply called an "embroidered ball", which is sometimes carved with a geometric pattern. The female is essentially identical, but has a cub under the left paw, representing the cycle of life. Symbolically, the female lion protects those dwelling inside (the living soul within), while the male guards the structure (the external material elements). Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Imperial Guardian Lion 石獅子 Description An account of the resource Chinese or Imperial guardian lions are a traditional Chinese architectural ornament. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Han Dynasty (202 BC - 220 AD) Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Man-size Type The nature or genre of the resource Craft Subject The topic of the resource Protection, Architectural Ornament Han Dynasty https://learning.hku.hk/ccch9051/group-64/files/original/27e30443766f3ee5f00148dceee43f87.jpeg bcf88abf73a85708a9ba7c679130e6cd Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Fabric Description An account of the resource Fabric, whether it is made by wool, or silk, involves in Chinese people's everyday life. Crafts An inanimate, three-dimensional object or substance that is handmade or crafted by simple tools. Crafting Methods The ways used to construct and produce crafts. Most knots are double layered and symmetrical and have two cords entering the knot from the top and two leaving from the bottom. Materials Objects used to create, produce or develop the item Strings, Ropes Usage and Application The real-life implications or uses of the selected crafts. Each kind of knot is named after its shape or the symbolic meaning that it carries. People may have originally made them to record information and convey messages before people started to write. Around the times of Chinese new year festival, Chinese knot decorations can be seen hanging on walls, doors of homes and as shop decorations to add some festival feel. Usually, these decorations are in red color, which traditional Chinese regards it as a color of "luck". Interesting Facts Origins, stories or incidents happened that are related to the item, to provide extra information and details. This connotation can even be seen in Chinese words. The Chinese word for 'rope' is 'shèng' that sounds similar to the words for 'spirit,' 'divine,' and 'life.' Knots had a spiritual meaning and were used for worship. The word for 'knot' itself is 'jié' and is related to many other terms that reinforce the symbolic meaning of the knots. For example, 'tuán jié' which means 'to unite,' 'jié hūn' means 'to marry,' and 'jié guŏ' means 'bear fruit,' 'result,' or 'outcome.' So a knot given to a marriage partner or a couple means all these things and having children as well. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Chinese Knotting 中國結 Description An account of the resource A Chinese knot is a knot that is tied and woven from a single length of cord or rope to be a variety of shapes and of varying complexity. Each shape has its own symbolic meaning, and nowadays you can find them as decoration, gifts for special occasions, and adornments on clothes. Subject The topic of the resource Decoration, Blessings, Strings, Folk art Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Tang and Song Dynasties (960–1279 AD) Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Palm-sized Type The nature or genre of the resource Craft Song Dynasty Tang Dynasty https://learning.hku.hk/ccch9051/group-64/files/original/86a8790224561d906dcd0ab5f4207134.jpg 66c3e4217e395f302d53d1b3ed9b42c1 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Mineral Description An account of the resource Unearthed from the ground, minerals are some raw materials that are widely used. Crafts An inanimate, three-dimensional object or substance that is handmade or crafted by simple tools. Crafting Methods The ways used to construct and produce crafts. Stones were carved to make Chinese chess pieces. Materials Objects used to create, produce or develop the item Stones Usage and Application The real-life implications or uses of the selected crafts. Chinese chess was a strategy game previously used for military training. This first chess was called The game to capture Xiang Qi, Xiang Qi being the name of the commander of the opposing army. (This battle is well established in Chinese history.) Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Chinese Chess 象棋棋子 Description An account of the resource The original chess was invented in China, right around 200 B.C., by a military commander named Hán Xin ("Hahn Sheen"). Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource ~200 BC Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Small, Circular Disks Type The nature or genre of the resource Craft Subject The topic of the resource Pawns, Chess, Game Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Hán Xin ("Hahn Sheen") https://learning.hku.hk/ccch9051/group-64/files/original/24d14b2938270397ef4c8c11f908faad.jpg 3a2883e2cbd78283a2a0d731717ea403 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Ceramic Description An account of the resource Ceramic (from clay) produces a lot of containers and tools for many ancient Chinese people. Crafts An inanimate, three-dimensional object or substance that is handmade or crafted by simple tools. Crafting Methods The ways used to construct and produce crafts. Generally, opera masks are made up of ceramic material. And while in blank face, the performer or perhaps a makeup artist can design or decorate the face with detailed and decorative artwork defining and enhancing more the character and thus establishes the role. Materials Objects used to create, produce or develop the item Ceramic Usage and Application The real-life implications or uses of the selected crafts. These masks are more than seemingly as added decorations. Chinese opera masks are significant in a way that they represent the performers’ or characters’ personalities, intense moods, and status quo even. Interesting Facts Origins, stories or incidents happened that are related to the item, to provide extra information and details. The acting mask is quite closely associated with the “Masquerading” dramatic play of the Tang Dynasty. As the story goes, King Lan Ling of the Northern Qi Kingdom was such a brave and courageous fighter, but his appearance was too handsome that he cannot frighten the enemy. So he would wear a carved wooden mask to lead his army into battle, and triumphed over the enemy like it was never before. The theatrical drama “King Lan Ling going to battle” of the Tang Dynasty is a depiction of King Lan Ling of the Kingdom of Northern Qi commanding his troupe to launch an attack on the enemy. The stage actors would all wear masks in the performance. Since then, acting masks started to appear in theatrical dramas. Similar opera masks can be seen by performers of Bian Lian. Bian Lian is an ancient Chinese dramatic art that is part of the more general Sichuan opera. Performers wear brightly colored costumes and move to quick, dramatic music. They also wear vividly colored masks, typically depicting well known characters from the opera, which they change from one face to another almost instantaneously with the swipe of a fan, a movement of the head, or wave of the hand. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Opera Mask 面譜 Description An account of the resource The Chinese opera is one of the oldest known dramatic art forms worldwide. However, it is evident that most audience or spectators are more fascinated with the Opera masks normally used in every opera performance. Subject The topic of the resource Face, Performance, Drawings, Face-decoration Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Beijing Opera Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Tang Dynasty (618-907 AD) Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Face sized and shaped, Colourful decoration Type The nature or genre of the resource Craft Tang Dynasty https://learning.hku.hk/ccch9051/group-64/files/original/ae1537bc0245c536a2dcccd4816db0a4.jpg d8818cdb5124495c03c30ad3b7b58463 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Other Materials Description An account of the resource Other undefined items are categorised here, such as items made of animal skins, body parts, or something intangible. Crafts An inanimate, three-dimensional object or substance that is handmade or crafted by simple tools. Crafting Methods The ways used to construct and produce crafts. The method of making traditional shuttlecocks is as follows: Rooster feathers are tied together and inserted into the square hole of a coin which is then tightly wrapped by cloth and sewn. There are different kinds of shuttlecocks, some made of rooster feathers, some of hair, some of paper strips, and some of woolen threads. Materials Objects used to create, produce or develop the item Feathers, Cloth, Wool, Paper, Coins (traditional) Usage and Application The real-life implications or uses of the selected crafts. It was believed that it was first created for the Chinese military to have an enjoyable form of exercise. The popularity of the shuttlecock spread to the common people for leisure and recreational purposes There are essentially four kicking techniques: "kicking with the inner side of the foot, with the leg bent inside; kicking with the outer side of the foot, with the leg bent outside; kicking backward with the heel; and kicking forward with the instep." Competitions are organized on the basis of the kicking technique. The traditional matches include number play, time play and variety play. Shuttlecock kicking is a good exercise for strengthening the whole body. It requires no special venue or equipment. The amount of physical exertion can vary from person to person. It is a good game for people of all age groups for improving flexibility, coordination and fitness.. Interesting Facts Origins, stories or incidents happened that are related to the item, to provide extra information and details. In the early 1970s two Americans came up with a ‘new’ game which they called Hacky-Sack. Actually inspired by Jianzi, they formed a company, trademarked the game and the little sacks/balls they manufactured with which to play it. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Chinese Shuttlecock (Jianzi) 毽子 Description An account of the resource Jianzi is a traditional Chinese national sport in which players aim to keep a heavily weighted shuttlecock in the air by using their bodies, apart from the hands. Subject The topic of the resource Play, Kids, Sports Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Han Dynasty (206 BC – 220 AD) Relation A related resource Cuju Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Palm size, Colourful Type The nature or genre of the resource Craft Han Dynasty https://learning.hku.hk/ccch9051/group-64/files/original/94e1b1453224d2c937e45f4651167aef.jpg 0e785a7c533aab472878caaea5bcecbf Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Paper Description An account of the resource Being one of the 4 great inventions in China, paper exists in everyone's daily life for centuries. Many products and crafts rely on papers. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Cai lun Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Han Dynasty (206 BC – 220 AD) Crafts An inanimate, three-dimensional object or substance that is handmade or crafted by simple tools. Crafting Methods The ways used to construct and produce crafts. The materials for making a lantern are very simplistic. Historically, bamboo, wood, rattan, or wire was used for the frame. The shade was crafted from delicate paper or silk. Lanterns were often decorated with Chinese calligraphy, painting, paper cutting, and even embroidery. Usage and Application The real-life implications or uses of the selected crafts. The original use of lanterns was primarily as a light source. They were used both indoors and out to provide a shaded light for reading and working. The protection from wind provided by the decorative silk or paper shade kept the lanterns from going out with the breeze. In ancient China, they were used to provide light and eventually as aspects of Buddhist worship. Moreover, they are used for decoration, celebration and festivals. For examples, lanterns hung at Chinese New Year are thought to scare aware the Nian monster and bring good luck. The Lantern Festival is one of the best days to view Chinese lanterns in action. It is always held on the 15th day of the first Chinese lunar month. The festival is viewed as the end to the Chinese New Year celebrations and is celebrated with the release of floating and flying lanterns. Materials Objects used to create, produce or develop the item Bamboo / Wood / Rattan / Wire, Paper / Silk Interesting Facts Origins, stories or incidents happened that are related to the item, to provide extra information and details. Originally, monks used lanterns on the twelfth day of the first lunar month in their worship of the Buddha. During the Eastern Han Dynasty, the Emperor Liu Zhuang was a Buddhist and he ordered the inhabitants of the imperial palace and citizens to light lanterns to worship the Buddha just as the monks did. Later, this custom gradually became a grand festival among common people. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Chinese Lantern 燈籠 Description An account of the resource Originated from Eastern Han Dynasty, paper lanterns were mainly used as lamps in ancient China. Paper and silk were the major materials used for manufacturing. Subject The topic of the resource Light, Festival, Entertainment Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Eastern Han Dynasty (25-220 AD) Relation A related resource Sky Lantern Type The nature or genre of the resource Craft Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Various dimensions Han Dynasty https://learning.hku.hk/ccch9051/group-64/files/original/10baf41c1759d436785891ab0c89085d.jpg 8e282d3c325fc18488d7267476cbc96d Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Paper Description An account of the resource Being one of the 4 great inventions in China, paper exists in everyone's daily life for centuries. Many products and crafts rely on papers. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Cai lun Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Han Dynasty (206 BC – 220 AD) Crafts An inanimate, three-dimensional object or substance that is handmade or crafted by simple tools. Crafting Methods The ways used to construct and produce crafts. It is made of a thin material (such as paper or feathers) mounted on slats which revolve around a pivot so that it can be closed when not in use. The folding fan is composed of sticks (the outer two called guards) held together at the handle end by a rivet or pin. On the sticks is mounted a leaf that is pleated so that the fan may be opened or closed. The production of a folding fan involves intense manual work of around 145 procedures, including dying, gluing, painting, engraving, and inlaying work. There are a wide range of options for materials of fan ribs, including bamboo, sandalwood, ebony, tortoiseshell, ivory, mother of pearl, bones, etc., with bamboo the most common. The application of precious materials not only make the fans more visually-appealing, but also increase their value. Usage and Application The real-life implications or uses of the selected crafts. In the Ming dynasty, folding fans had such a rapid development thanks to the support of the royal court that they became a necessary accessory to an elegant life. This form of art reached its heyday in the later Qing dynasty (1644-1912 AD), a little too widespread in the eyes of some. It was a popular tradition of exchanging folding fans with pieces of calligraphy and painting of poetic landscapes on the panel as gifts of friendship among the literati, especially in the Jiangnan area of China, namely, the lower reaches of the Yangtze River, where men of letters and artists clustered during that period. When it came to the Republic of China era (1912-1949 AD), folding fans became valuable items for collection while continuing to fulfill the function of expressing friendship. Panel calligraphies and paintings, featuring natural, refreshing and lively styles, achieved popularity with the aid of the special form of folding fan panels. Many people at that time took pride in the possession of one folding fan with painting or calligraphy by a well-known artist. Materials Objects used to create, produce or develop the item Wood, Bamboo, Fabric Interesting Facts Origins, stories or incidents happened that are related to the item, to provide extra information and details. It has been popular to draw fans or write poems about fans, and paint or write on paper fans. There is a story about Wang Xizhi (303-361 AD), who is best known for his mastery of Chinese calligraphy. He is regarded as one of the greatest Chinese calligraphers in history and his works have exerted a far-reaching influence on future generations. However, it is a pity his works were lost and only the replicas in the Tang Dynasty (618-907 AD) have been preserved till today. It is said that once Wang saw an elderly lady selling fans. As it was the end of the summer, business was not so good. She looked very upset, so Wang decided to help her. He wrote a few characters on each fan and told the old woman to raise the price. On seeing calligraphy by Wang on those fans, people all competed to buy them, which then sold out very quickly. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Chinese Folding Fan 紙扇 Description An account of the resource Handheld fan, or simply hand fan, may be any broad, flat surface that is waved back-and-forth to create an airflow. Generally, purpose-made handheld fans are folding fans, which are shaped like a sector of a circle. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Northern and Southern Dynasties (420-589 AD) Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Hand-held size, Sector shape Type The nature or genre of the resource Craft Subject The topic of the resource Fan, Folk art, Decoration, Calligraphy Northern and Southern Dynasties