1 10 7 https://learning.hku.hk/ccch9051/group-64/files/original/dc7d31a73b4c6ce5a4e1a6ae3d36a748.jpg d10b8544b09aa6a06a85a34b761a600f Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Wood / Bamboo Description An account of the resource Given that the lower technological requirements and its usefulness, wood and bamboo are the primary raw materials among ancient Chinese people. Crafts An inanimate, three-dimensional object or substance that is handmade or crafted by simple tools. Crafting Methods The ways used to construct and produce crafts. The wooden components such as the columns, beams, purlins, lintel and bracket sets are connected by tenon joints in a flexible, earthquake-resistant way. The surprisingly strong frames can be installed quickly at the building site by assembling components manufactured in advance. In addition to this structural carpentry, the architectural craft also encompasses decorative woodworking, tile roofing, stonework, decorative painting and other arts passed down from masters to apprentices through verbal and practical instruction. Materials Objects used to create, produce or develop the item Wood Interesting Facts Origins, stories or incidents happened that are related to the item, to provide extra information and details. Chinese timber-framed architectures naturally require a special method of fixing the joints – or the right-angled contact surfaces – of the pillars and beams, such that the finished building could withstand the rigors of wind and weather, and, not least, the violence inflicted by minor earthquakes. Usage and Application The real-life implications or uses of the selected crafts. Such kind of wooden structures are widely used for buildings and temples. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Chinese Timber-framed Structures 木結構建築 Subject The topic of the resource Architecture, Lifestyle, Decoration Description An account of the resource Standing as distinctive symbols of Chinese architectural culture, timber-framed structures are found throughout the country. The wooden components such as the columns, beams, purlins, lintel and bracket sets are connected by tenon joints in a flexible, earthquake-resistant way. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Xia Dynasty (2000-1500 BC) Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Wooden texture, Colourful, Decorated Type The nature or genre of the resource Craft Xia Dynasty https://learning.hku.hk/ccch9051/group-64/files/original/498abd346a8be34392760e4a5a0a837b.jpg f128e42e50738c28a15df1764a628296 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Wood / Bamboo Description An account of the resource Given that the lower technological requirements and its usefulness, wood and bamboo are the primary raw materials among ancient Chinese people. Crafts An inanimate, three-dimensional object or substance that is handmade or crafted by simple tools. Crafting Method Besides sophisticated acting skills, the carving of the puppet is also a specialized and complicated art. A Quanzhou stringed puppet alone comes in over 300 varieties in order to play a number of different characters. Usage Each puppet was manipulated through dozens of strings attached to its limbs by the puppeteer’s ten fingers. Wearing exaggerated expressions, the puppet makes all kinds of moves as the puppeteer pulls the strings. The puppet can perform intricate movements including holding a brush, grinding an ink stick, and writing Chinese characters on paper. This stringed puppet can have sixteen to thirty strings and is very difficult to manipulate. In order to operate it with ease, the performer has to spend long hours in professional training. An accomplished performer can read lines, sing, and control the puppet’s different postures and movements at the same time, synchronizing himself with the puppet as a whole. Chinese marionette plays are mostly performed in the open air without a curtain to conceal the puppeteers, unlike the common practice in the West, and spectators can see both the performances and the performers from the three sides of the stage. In the West, the audiences usually expect the performers to be hidden. Crafting Methods The ways used to construct and produce crafts. Besides sophisticated acting skills, the carving of the puppet is also a specialized and complicated art. A Quanzhou stringed puppet alone comes in over 300 varieties in order to play a number of different characters. Usage and Application The real-life implications or uses of the selected crafts. Each puppet was manipulated through dozens of strings attached to its limbs by the puppeteer’s ten fingers. Wearing exaggerated expressions, the puppet makes all kinds of moves as the puppeteer pulls the strings. The puppet can perform intricate movements including holding a brush, grinding an ink stick, and writing Chinese characters on paper. This stringed puppet can have sixteen to thirty strings and is very difficult to manipulate. In order to operate it with ease, the performer has to spend long hours in professional training. An accomplished performer can read lines, sing, and control the puppet’s different postures and movements at the same time, synchronizing himself with the puppet as a whole. Chinese marionette plays are mostly performed in the open air without a curtain to conceal the puppeteers, unlike the common practice in the West, and spectators can see both the performances and the performers from the three sides of the stage. In the West, the audiences usually expect the performers to be hidden. Materials Objects used to create, produce or develop the item Wood, Paper, Fabric Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Description An account of the resource Marionettes on strings or wire like the old time Pinocchio or as in the picture to the right were once popular in the China before the advent of motion pictures. Puppet art is a medium of performance with puppets. How is the puppet produced? It is inconclusive. The Yinxu in Anyang, Henan Province, unearthed the slave Tao Xun (the Shang Dynasty, the first 16th century before the first 16th century), and the Spring and Autumn Period, the Warring States Period had a raft. The music, songs and genres excavated from the Western Han Tombs in Mawangdui, Changsha, have made great progress in craftsmanship, variety and modeling. Title A name given to the resource Marionette Puppetry 木偶 Subject The topic of the resource Wood, Strings, Theatre, Performance Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Han Dynasty (202 BC - 220 AD) Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource China Puppet Theater, Shichahai Shadow Art Performance Hotel, The Shanghai Puppet Theater Relation A related resource Shadow Puppetry Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Height: 60 cm - 80 cm Type The nature or genre of the resource Craft Han Dynasty https://learning.hku.hk/ccch9051/group-64/files/original/ed1843ecda0be2d6f371e089c9344614.jpg 5ab93c911679c01af0d29f58c581ecce Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Wood / Bamboo Description An account of the resource Given that the lower technological requirements and its usefulness, wood and bamboo are the primary raw materials among ancient Chinese people. Crafts An inanimate, three-dimensional object or substance that is handmade or crafted by simple tools. Crafting Methods The ways used to construct and produce crafts. Modern pipas are made out of several types of materials. Their soundboards are made out of wutong wood, their frets and turning pegs are made of ivory, buffalo horns or wood, and their lower frets are made from bamboo. The distinctive pear-shaped body with a short neck of the pipa is made from a solid piece of teak (see the first detail image for the reverse side of the instrument, where the single piece, or monoxyle, construction of the body, neck and pegbox is most evident). Wutong, a soft wood, is used for the soundboard. A side view perspective, as seen in the second detail image, reveals how shallow the hollowed out resonating chamber is on this instrument and how the plane of the strings rides just above the instrument’s many frets. The six peaked fret ledges (xiang) on the instrument's neck are made from a soft stone, while the twenty-five frets (pin) glued to the soundboard itself are made of bamboo strips. Four tuning pegs made from soft stone are laterally mounted onto the arched, back-bending pegbox. The four wire strings of varying gauges that are connected to these pegs pass over a nut at the top end of the fingerboard and are attached at their other end to a string fastener glued to the face of the soundboard that also serves as a bridge. Usage and Application The real-life implications or uses of the selected crafts. Historically, it was at times used as a tool of self-refinement by members of the scholar-literati class and in the solo and ensemble music making of imperial households. But it has also been an instrument of the common people and used for the accompaniment of narrative songs and regional opera, and in amateur instrumental ensembles in many regions of China. Also associated with Buddhism, the pipa is often seen in the hands of angels in Buddhist iconography and incorporated into Buddhist narrative singing. Materials Objects used to create, produce or develop the item Wood, Ivory, Buffalo horn, Bamboo, Stone Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Pipa 琵琶 Subject The topic of the resource Chinese music, Sound Description An account of the resource The Pipa is a four-stringed Chinese musical instrument, belonging to the plucked category of instruments. Sometimes called the Chinese lute, the instrument has a pear-shaped wooden body with a varying number of frets ranging from 12 to 26. According to Han dynasty sources, the origins of the name “pipa” refer to how the instrument is played. “Pi” meant “to play forward” and “pa” means “to play backward”. However, as no other types of sources reference this etymology; scholars suspect that the instrument more likely originated outside China, and that its name references a foreign language term. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Han Dynasty (202 BC - 220 AD) Type The nature or genre of the resource Craft Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Wooden texture, Height: 103cm, Width: 32cm Han Dynasty https://learning.hku.hk/ccch9051/group-64/files/original/4457e38cb7a2c3f244b4783a16a1a0ce.jpg 9dfd00a2872f22d55424d5089fb20e1b Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Wood / Bamboo Description An account of the resource Given that the lower technological requirements and its usefulness, wood and bamboo are the primary raw materials among ancient Chinese people. Crafts An inanimate, three-dimensional object or substance that is handmade or crafted by simple tools. Crafting Methods The ways used to construct and produce crafts. The dizi is made from a straight stalk of bamboo with any internal nodes removed to produce a cylindrical bore. They are made in various lengths. Just above the blowhole the bore is blocked with a cork stopper, leaving only the far end of the flute open. Six fingerholes, nearly equidistantly placed, are drilled into the lower half of the tube; there is no thumbhole on the reverse side. A distinguishing feature of the dizi is the inclusion of a mirlitone--a membranophonic sound modifier consisting of a hole covered with a tissue paper-thin bamboo membrane that vibrates sympathetically when the flute is sounded. This hole is located between the blowhole and the first fingerhole. Vent holes at the far end determine the acoustical length of the flute, and can be used to tie an ornamental tassel to the instrument. Several rings of silk line are tightly wound around the flute and covered with red lacquer to keep the bamboo from splitting. Usage and Application The real-life implications or uses of the selected crafts. In various forms it is used today in many regional and national forms of Chinese music for solo, small ensemble, and orchestra performance. In the north a relatively short dizi referred to as the bangdi is heard in certain forms of village folk and ritual ensembles. Various versions of this flute have been used in regional opera ensembles for centuries. Materials Objects used to create, produce or develop the item Bamboo Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Dizi 笛子 Subject The topic of the resource Bamboo, Chinese music, Sound Description An account of the resource The dizi is a Chinese transverse flute, a major Chinese musical instrument. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Han Dynasty (206 BC – 220 AD) Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Long, Cylindrical Type The nature or genre of the resource Craft Han Dynasty https://learning.hku.hk/ccch9051/group-64/files/original/c4ca91b82c93510990eac16a4af67659.jpg eb6abe516f061ff85fd79489e0ef466a Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Wood / Bamboo Description An account of the resource Given that the lower technological requirements and its usefulness, wood and bamboo are the primary raw materials among ancient Chinese people. Crafts An inanimate, three-dimensional object or substance that is handmade or crafted by simple tools. Crafting Methods The ways used to construct and produce crafts. The long, round, hardwood neck of the erhu runs through its constructed hexagonal wooden resonating chamber the front of which is covered by a snakeskin soundboard (affixed by glue). The backside of the resonator is open but adorned with a carved wooden screen. White plastic or bone caps adorn both the curved top end of the neck and the ends of the two friction tuning pegs, which are inserted through the backside of the neck. A red velvet cushion is fixed to the bottom of the resonator. One end of each steel string is attached to and wrapped around a tuning peg, the other end terminates in a noose that is looped over a metal tail pin on the bottom side of the resonator. The top end of the vibrating segment of the strings is articulated with an adjustable sliding nut (called qianjin) of nylon cord; the lower end of the vibrating segment is where the strings pass over a small wooden bridge on the soundboard. The bow is made of bamboo – however, a Western bow hair-tightening mechanism has been attached, making unnecessary the established technique of holding the bow hair taut while playing the instrument. Usage and Application The real-life implications or uses of the selected crafts. It is used as one of the main melodic instruments for accompaniment of Beijing opera performance and in regional instrumental ensembles. Materials Objects used to create, produce or develop the item Wood, Metal, Horsehair Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Erhu 二胡 Subject The topic of the resource Chinese music, Sound, Craft Description An account of the resource The erhu is a bowed spike-lute chordophone of the Han Chinese (‘er’ means two; ‘hu’ originally meant ‘barbarian,’ but now ‘fiddle’). Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Wooden Type The nature or genre of the resource Craft Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Tang Dynasty (618-907 AD) Tang Dynasty https://learning.hku.hk/ccch9051/group-64/files/original/d2f71093390c7b59126c99fd9371a4aa.jpg 119532ae63d051d4afe5fce908a4562b Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Wood / Bamboo Description An account of the resource Given that the lower technological requirements and its usefulness, wood and bamboo are the primary raw materials among ancient Chinese people. Crafts An inanimate, three-dimensional object or substance that is handmade or crafted by simple tools. Crafting Methods The ways used to construct and produce crafts. It is crafted with a handle and a wooden ball hanging from a string attached to each end of the edge to beat the drum. Usage and Application The real-life implications or uses of the selected crafts. During Song Dynasty, the Bolang Gu drum found its way in ceremonies, music and commercial activities. It also became a toy for children, enjoying an immense popularity, mainly thanks to its sound effect and its entertaining function. Although pellet drums are often used in religious ritual (particularly Tibet, Mongolia, India, and Taiwan), small versions are also used in East Asia as children’s toys or as noisemakers by street vendors. Such small versions are sometimes also referred to as rattle drums. Materials Objects used to create, produce or develop the item Wood, Leather, Paper Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource ​Bolang Gu 撥浪鼓 Subject The topic of the resource Toy, Kids, Play Description An account of the resource The rattle-drum is one of the oldest and most traditional toys in China. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Shang Dynasty (1600-1046 BC) Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Palm size Type The nature or genre of the resource Craft Shang Dynasty https://learning.hku.hk/ccch9051/group-64/files/original/b54d1e959cdccef4d7c8d610b5954f6b.jpg 6c6449595b90638c29ee35e777e02a03 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Wood / Bamboo Description An account of the resource Given that the lower technological requirements and its usefulness, wood and bamboo are the primary raw materials among ancient Chinese people. Crafts An inanimate, three-dimensional object or substance that is handmade or crafted by simple tools. Crafting Methods The ways used to construct and produce crafts. Animal hair was attached to wood. Exotic animal hair were more valuable. Materials Objects used to create, produce or develop the item Animal hair, Wood / Bamboo Usage and Application The real-life implications or uses of the selected crafts. The ink brush was commonly used in Chinese calligraphy and writing. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Ink Brush 毛筆 Description An account of the resource Ink brushes were used for calligraphy. It is believed that the ink brush was invented around Zhou Dynasty (1046 BC - 256 BC). The hairs of a common ink brush would be made out of goat, rabbit, mouse, pig, buffalo, wolf or Siberian weasel. To produce different brushstrokes, qualities such as hair length, thickness and texture would vary in different ink brushes. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Meng Tian Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Zhou Dynasty (1046 BC - 256 BC) Type The nature or genre of the resource Craft Subject The topic of the resource Calligraphy, Writing Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Hand-size Zhou Dynasty