Raudram

Dublin Core

Title

Raudram

Subject

Anger
Furious
Emotions
Expressions
Acting
Facial

Description

Rowdra is one of the facial expressions used in Kathakali. Rowdra is anger and all its forms. It is used to represent the self-righteous wrath of kings, outrage over audacious behaviour and disobedience, the fury caused by an offense, and the rage evoked by disrespect and anger. It adds major climax to plot development.

Creator

Abhinavagupta

Contributor

Bharata Muni

Rights

To be used to express violence and in retrospect with Lord Shiva

Relation

Anger

Format

Brows lowered
Lips pressed firmly
Eyes bulging

Type

Facial Expression

Identifier

raudram10

Coverage

Date Created

Between 200 BCE and 200 CE

Date Valid

Till Date

Kathakali Item Type Metadata

Malayalam Characterization

റുഡ്രം

English Translation

Anger

Place of Creation

Kerala

Collection

Satvikabhinaya

Citation

Abhinavagupta, “Raudram,” CCCH9051 Group 34, accessed January 12, 2025, https://learning.hku.hk/ccch9051/group-34/items/show/29.

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